The story of the Paris Agreement begins long before 2015. In fact, the world's first coordinates attempt to address climate change started in 1992, when countries adopted to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) at the Rio Earth Summit. This set the stage for international cooperation on reducing greenhouse gas emissions. From there, the first major breakthrough came in 1997 with the Kyoto Protocol, which legally bound developed nations to specific emission reduction targets. While groundbreaking at the time, Kyoto had limitations; it only applied to industrialized countries, leaving out major emerging economies like China and India. As climate science became more urgent and global emissions continued to rise, it became clear that a new more inclusive agreement was needed. 

Every ecosystem possesses a distinctive soundscape- a complex composition of biological, geographical, and anthropogenic sounds. Within this soundscape, each species occupies a specific frequency that allows it to communicate without interference from others. Healthy ecosystems tend to produce rich layered soundscapes. In contrast, degraded or fragmented environments often fall silent. This correlation allows scientists to use sound recordings as a non-invasive tool to measure biodiversity and detect environmental changes. 

At its core, biosecurity refers to the practices and strategies used to prevent the introduction and spread of harmful organisms such as pests, diseases, and invasive species into new environments.

How many Earths do we need? - BBC News

Giant otters live along the Amazon, Orinoco and La Plata River systems in South America. These are slow moving river systems that otters are typically found in. They also can survive in swamps, marshes, and flooded forests during the rainy season.

Vitamins and supplements help fill the gap in nutrients, health, and daily functions that you are unable to receive in your diet or well-being. However, it’s important to recognize that taking vitamins should not and cannot replace the significance of balanced foods. 

Healthy and biodiverse ecosystems act as carbon sinks, pulling carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere and locking it into soils and plants. By ensuring the reproduction of wildflowers, shrubs, and trees, bees indirectly support these natural carbon storage systems. Pollinator-dependent plants like clover and alfalfa even enrich soils with nitrogen, which boosts infertility and reduces the need for chemical fertilizers (a major source of greenhouse gas emissions).

Most gel manicures require curing under UV or LED lamps. While LED lights use a lower intensity, both still emit ultraviolet light. Repeated exposure increases the risk of premature skin aging and in rare cases skin cancer on the hands. Dermatologists often recommend applying a broad-spectrum sunscreen on your hands or wearing UV-protective gloves during the process.

Ecofeminists observe that women often associated with nurturing, reproduction, and the earth itself while men are associated with control, domination, and exploitation. 

In 1988, NASA scientist James Hansen presented evidence to Congress stating that global warming was rapidly impending. 1988 was the hottest year on record, a striking 107 degrees Fahrenheit. Compared to the record that stands today, 134 degrees Fahrenheit, this is minuscule, and temperatures are only rising. We have already seen the devasting effects of global warming on communities and ecosystems worldwide, from rising sea levels to increased extreme weather events. Yet, we still have entire companies and organizations refusing to acknowledge the impact our actions have had on our planet.

Jane Hirshfield 1953 –

1. Has pledged 100% recyclable/renewable packaging by 2023 to cut virgin plastic use per product

Environmental blogs are a great way to start your sustainably journey and take steps that are backed by multiple sources. Whether you just want to discover a new interest, delve into a topic, or find something interesting, these types of blogs offer simplified explanations of confusing climate topics and tips towards sustainability. 

The Biggest Little Farm is a documentary created by John Chester that describes an attempt to farm without any degenerative practices such as the use of fertilizers, pesticides, and tilling. John and Molly Chester’s Apricot Lane Farm embraces healthy soil, humane animal practices, and organic food, showing visitors and students how to adapt farming management styles based on nature’s signals. This documentary highlights a new way to grow food and raise animals while still managing to have an eco-friendly mindset.

Source: National Wildlife Federation

Source: Gasland Movie Info

1. Making environmentally friendly choices in daily family life (e.g., using cloth diapers, reducing waste, buying secondhand or sustainable products).

Make art projects with recycled materials such as plastic, cans, and newspaper. It's a fun way to use your imagination and help the environment. (Read this ARTICLE for more)

Incorporating more plant-based foods into one’s diet is one of the most effective ways to reduce environmental impact. Legumes, whole grains, nuts, and vegetables generally require fewer resources to produce than animal-based products. Even modest changes, such as substituting plant-based proteins for meat once or twice a week, contribute meaningfully to lower emissions and resource conservation. 

A water-saving dishwasher uses only 3 gallons of water per load while handwashing dishes takes on average 27 gallons. Some brands include the Amana ADB1400AGS at Best Buy and the Hisense HUI6220XCUS at Lowe’s.

A simple Google search of “Tips to live more sustainably?” prompts 62,600,000 results. But are they all correct? With all the buzz comes a lot of myths- oversimplifications or just plain misunderstandings.

In the fight against climate change, not all voices are heard equally but it's our job to ensure that it's impossible for them to be ignored. Climate justice are crucial careers that tackle the climate crisis and how they disproportionately affect marginalized communities. They fight for solutions rooted in justice, equity, and inclusion. Without them, our world would see the devasting effects of climate change much sooner. 

There are 1.3 billion people in India all trying to adapt to the warmer climate. Their traditional farming practices such as tilling rice and millet are growing more and more harmful to their environment as pressures from a growing climate overtake their communities' needs. Odisha, one of India's poorest states, is most vulnerable to climate change. However, a group of women are hoping to make a sustainable change. 

Pictured: French President, Emmanuel Macron, German Chancellor, Angela Merkel, and the COP23 President, Voreqe Bainimarama (source: UN)

Climate change is a global issue- but countries around the world are approaching the crisis in different ways. While no nation has all the answers, many are taking bold, creative steps to reduce emissions, protect natural resources, and build more sustainable societies.

Imagine walking into an art gallery where the sculptures are made from cigarette butts, plastic bottles, and fishing nets. Welcome to the world of eco-art, where pollution becomes the inspiration for beautiful works of display. In the face of climate change and mass consumption, a growing movement of artists are turning trash into treasure, using discarded materials to challenge the way we see the planet and our actions.

Natural gas primarily consists of methane, a colorless, odorless gas that occurs abundantly in nature. There are two extraction methods:

Coal is a fossil fuel formed from ancient plants that were buried and compressed under heat and pressure over millions of years. It is extracted through two main methods: 

Crude oil is a fossil fuel formed over millions of years from the remains of ancient plants and animals buried under layers of sediment and rock. It can be refined into many different energy forms such as gasoline, diesel fuel, jet fuel, and heating oil. Extracting it involves drilling wells on proven reservoirs, pumping the crude to the surface, and processing it through a petroleum refining system.

Portugal is a destination that captures the heart of every visitor. The beautiful coastlines, cobblestone streets, and culture that blends both tradition with an easy-going persona make this destination not one to forget. Each region offers its own mix of history, flavor, and natural beauty. Whether you're drawn by the world-class cuisine, the adventure, or soulful streets, Portugal invites you to slow down, and savor every moment. 

Denmark may be a small Scandinavian nation, but it offers an outsized experienced for travelers. Known for its charming cities, bicycle-first lifestyle, and deep connection to nature, Denmark blends modern innovation with Nordic traditions. Whether you're strolling the cobbled streets of Copenhagen or exploring rugged islands shaped by the sea, this country invites you to slow down and breathe deeply. 

Indonesia, the world's largest archipelago stretches across more than 17,000 island and boats an astonishing diversity of ecosystems. As global interest in sustainable tourism rises, Indonesia stands as a destination where natural beauty and environmental consciousness intersect. Travelers seeking meaningful, eco-friendly experiences will find endless opportunity of connecting with the environment, support local communities, and protect the planet. 

Tucked between Italy, Austria, Hungary, and Croatia, Slovenia is one of Europe's most underrated travel destinations. With its fairytale lakes, medieval towns, and lush forests, this small country offers a mix of adventure, culture, and sustainability. Whether you're hiking in the Julian Alps, sipping local wine by Lake Bled, or exploring Ljubljana's eco-friendly streets, Slovenia promises a breathtaking experience. 

Ecuador, one of South America's most biodiverse and culturally rich countries, is a dream destination of travelers seeking adventure, natural beauty, and authentic experiences. from the volcanic Andes to the Amazon rainforest, from colonial cities to the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador offer an unforgettable journey in a compact yet incredibly diverse package. But beyond its landscapes, it also presents a unique opportunity to travel consciously. With its growing eco-tourism movement, focus on conservation, and community-based initiatives, it's a country where your visit can make a positive impact. 

New Zealand is often described as one of the most breathtakingly beautiful countries on Earth. From the snow-capped Southern Alps to emerald fjords and geothermal valleys, it's a dream for nature lovers. But with great beauty comes great responsibility. As travelers, it's up to use to explore this pristine land in a way that preserves it for future generations. 

Compostable or biodegrade bags decompose much faster, reducing long-term plastic waste. 

Plastic toothbrushes can take over 400 years to decompose, and billions are thrown away every year. Bamboo is biodegradable and a renewable energy source, making it a much more sustainable choice. 

All-purpose cleaners, stain removers, and toilet cleaners could not be any easier to make and have no harmful ingredients.

by Humankind is my personal favorite. They have all-natural liquid shampoos that come in aluminum bottles with grapefruit + lavender scents.

When disposed of properly, bamboo leaves behind minimal environmental impact compared to plastic tools. Bamboo brushes are also known for their gentle and smooth textures as compared to other products.

Using a plastic cutting board can place microplastics in your food, wastewater, and it can eventually reach waterways and soil. Choose a wooden cutting board such as maple, walnut, and cherry as a natural, durable, and eco-friendly option.